The
following common
examples of bibliographic citation are a few of the ones we use in the Concord Middle
School libraries to document the various resources accessed by students doing
research. For unique sources (videotape, interview, etc.) see your school
librarian . The middle school uses the MLA style of citing
sources. To help you construct your citations, the library recommends NoddleBib Express, a free online bibliography tool from NoodleTools .
Books:
Bibliographic
information for books is located on the title page. The copyright date may be on
the reverse side of the page.
Place of publication is a city. You do not need to enter the state
(or country) if it is well known (New York, London, Sydney, Toronto). If
the city is not well known add the state (Brookfield, CT).
If there is more than one city listed choose the city closest to you or
the first city listed.
Periodicals:
All months except May, June and July are abbreviated in the citation.
Do not use "p" to indicate pages.
Use the page number with a plus sign (+) if the article continues on
nonconsecutive pages.
Material from an online subcription service:
Resources available from online subscription services are paid for by your school library. Concord MIddle School subscribes to the following resources: Student Resource Center Junior (Infotrac), Middle Search Plus, including the History Reference Database (EBSCO), Grolier Online, and the new Ancient and Medieval History Database (Facts-On-File). Before you cite a resource from an online database first identify the type (encyclopedia article, magazine, reference book, etc). Then choose the appropriate example below, or use NoodleTools to help you construct your citation.
Web Sites :
Include the author or creator of the information of the site, if
given. A web page designer is not always the author, so view the site
carefully.
Keep the citation brief and record the URL accurately.
An online reference or periodical article, including ones available from
subscription services, are not considered "web pages". They
provide information from various print resources and have full citations. See
all online database examples below.
Print material
| Book with 1 author |
Author’s
last name, first name. Title.
Place of Publication (city): Publisher, Wallace,
Joseph. The Light Bulb.
New York: Simon & Schuster, |
| Book with 2 or 3 authors | Greenberg, Jan and Sandra Jordan. The Painter's Eye: Learning to Look at Contemporary American Art. New York: Delacorte Press, 1991. |
| Book with more than 3 authors | Armento,
Beverly, J., et al. America Will Be. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1994. |
| General encyclopedia article |
Article
Author’s last name, first name. “Title of Article.” Title of Hurt, Douglas. “Cotton Gin.” The World Book Encyclopedia, 1997. |
| Article
from a multi-volume encyclopedia (using one volume) |
Article
author’s last name, first name. “Tile
of Article.” Title of Ackerberg-Hastings,
Amy. “The Automobile
Industry.” |
| Article
from a multi-volume encyclopedia (using more than one volume) |
Editor
of encyclopedia, ed. Title of Encyclopedia. Number of volumes. Super,
John C., ed. Encyclopedia
of North American History.
11 |
| Article from a periodical | Article author's last
name, first name. "Title of Article." Title of
Periodical. date of issue: pages. Gibson, Karen. "Eight Women Who
Fought the Fight." |
| Pamphlet | Cite a pamphlet as you
would a book (author, Title, publication information)
National Park Service U.S. Department of the
Interior. Siege Trail: |
Online resources:
| Internet site | Author of the
page, last name first. Title of page. date of access
<URL>
Bois, Danuta. Bridget "Biddy"
Mason. 2 Feb. 2005 |
| Online encyclopedia | Article author,
last name first. "Article Title." Title of online
encyclopedia date of access <URL> Wallechinsky,
David. “Olympic Games.” World
Book Reference |
| Periodical article from an online database |
Author
of article (if given, last name first). “Article Title.” Name
of Magazine. Alexander,
Caroline.
“Ascent to Glory.” National Geographic.
Feb. |